I am facing an issue while converting my OFDM code from matlab to HDL during fixed point conversion

This is my ofdm code , which simulates ofdm reciever and transmitter , over a rayleigh channel , using 16Qam modulation, with doppler.

function [BitsRx] = OfdmDopplerBer(~)

Rs = 54.64e5;
% Symbol Duration, [s]
Ts = 1/Rs;

% Carrier Frequency, [Hz]
f = 1.5e9;

% Modulation Order of QPSK by definition
M = 16;

% Number of Bits in QPSK Symbol
k = log2(M);
% QPSK Signal Bandwidth, [Hz]
F = 1/Ts;

% Number of Subcarriers (equal to Number of FFT points)
numSC = 1024;

%NumSymbols=3;

% Guard Bands Subcarriers
GuardBandSC = [10; 10];

% Central Null Subcarrier
DCNull = true;
DCNullSC = numSC/2 + 1;

% Number of Pilot Subcarriers
numPilotSC = 10;

PilotSC =[15 125 236 346 456 567 677 787 898 1008]’;

% Length of Cyclic Prefix
lenCP = numSC/4;

% OFDM Modulator Object
OFDMModulator = comm.OFDMModulator( …
‘FFTLength’, numSC, …
‘NumGuardBandCarriers’, GuardBandSC, …
‘Windowing’,true,…
‘InsertDCNull’, DCNull, …
‘PilotInputPort’, true, …
‘PilotCarrierIndices’, PilotSC, …
‘CyclicPrefixLength’, lenCP);
OFDMDemodulator = comm.OFDMDemodulator(OFDMModulator);

% Mapping of Subcarriers in Time-Frequency Space
%showResourceMapping(OFDMModulator)

% Number of Data Subcarriers
numDataSC = info(OFDMModulator).DataInputSize(1);
% Size of Data Frame
szDataFrame = [numDataSC 1];

% Size of Pilot Frame
szPilotFrame = info(OFDMModulator).PilotInputSize;

% OFDM Symbol Duration with Cyclic Prefix, [s]
Ts_OFDM = (numSC + lenCP)*Ts;

% OFDM Symbol Rate with Cyclic Prefix, [1/s]
Rs_OFDM = 1/Ts_OFDM;
% Decreasing of Symbol Rate by using OFDM
Rs/Rs_OFDM;

% Subcarrier Bandwidth, [Hz]
F_SC = F/numSC;

clear ans

% Discrete Paths Relative Delays, [s]
PathDelays = [0 3 5 6 11]*Ts ;
% Discrete Paths Max Delay, [s]
Tm = max(PathDelays);
% Channel Coherence Bandwidth [2, p. 960; 3, p. 399], [Hz]
Fc = 1/Tm;

% Discrete Paths Average Gains, [dB]
PathAvGains = [0 -8 -17 -21 -25];

% Discrete Paths K Factors
K = [0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1];

% Approximate Speed of Ionospheric Irregularities, [m/s]
v=170.14;
% Light Speed, [m/s]
c = 3e8;
% Max Doppler Frequency Shift for all Discrete Paths, [Hz]
fD = v*f/c;

% Channel Coherence Time [3, p. 400], [s]
Tc = 1/fD;

spsSync = 1;

norms = [1 sqrt(2) 0 sqrt(10) 0 sqrt(42)];

doppler1 = comm.PhaseFrequencyOffset( …
FrequencyOffset=fD, …
PhaseOffset=0, …
SampleRate=Rs);

varDelay = dsp.VariableFractionalDelay;

%% Rician Channel Object
RicianFadingChannel = comm.RicianChannel( …
‘SampleRate’, Rs, …
‘PathDelays’, PathDelays, …
‘AveragePathGains’, PathAvGains, …
‘NormalizePathGains’, true, …
‘KFactor’, K, …
‘MaximumDopplerShift’, fD, …
‘DirectPathDopplerShift’, zeros(size(K)), …
‘DirectPathInitialPhase’, zeros(size(K)), …
‘DopplerSpectrum’, doppler(‘Jakes’) …
);

% Delay in Channel Object, [sample]
ChanDelay = info(RicianFadingChannel).ChannelFilterDelay;

%% AWGN Channel Object
AWGNChannel = comm.AWGNChannel( …
‘NoiseMethod’, ‘Signal to noise ratio (SNR)’, …
‘SNR’, 0 …
);

% table(F, F_SC, Fc, fD, ‘VariableNames’, {‘F, [Hz]’, ‘F_SC, [Hz]’, ‘Fc, [Hz]’, ‘fD, [Hz]’})

% table(Ts, Ts_OFDM, Tm, Tc, ‘VariableNames’, {‘Ts, [s]’, ‘Ts_OFDM, [s]’, ‘Tm, [s]’, ‘Tc, [s]’})

% Range of Eb/N0
EbNo = 0:60;
% Number of Transmitted Frames
numFrames = 500;

% BER Calculators Object
BERCalculater = comm.ErrorRate;
% BER Variable for Imitation Modeling Result
BER = zeros(3,length(EbNo));

% Loop for the Range of Eb/N0
for n = 1:length(EbNo)

% Setting the Eb/No in AWGN Channel Object
AWGNChannel.SNR = EbNo(n) + 10*log10(k) + 10*log10(numDataSC/numSC);

% BER Calculation
reset(BERCalculater);
BERn = zeros(3,1);

% Loop for the Number of Transmitted Frames
for fr = 1:numFrames

% >>> Transmitter >>>

% Generation of Data Bits
BitsTx = randi([0 M-1], [szDataFrame,1]);

constellation = qammod(0:M-1, M, ‘gray’);

% Normalize the constellation
constellation = constellation / norms(k);

% Apply phase offset
% constellation = constellation * exp(1i * phaseOffset);

% Define General QAM Modulator with custom constellation
QAMModulator = comm.GeneralQAMModulator(‘Constellation’, constellation);

SignalTx1 = zeros(szDataFrame);
% Modulate the data symbols
SignalTx1 = QAMModulator(BitsTx);

% Generation of Pilot Signals
PilotSignalTx = complex(ones(szPilotFrame), zeros(szPilotFrame));
% OFDM Modulation

SignalTx2 = OFDMModulator(SignalTx1, PilotSignalTx);

% Power of Transmitted Signal
% Compute the power of the transmitted signal
SignalTxPower = sum(abs(SignalTx2).^2) / length(SignalTx2);

% Adding zero samples to the end of Transmitted Signal
% to not lose shifted samples caused by delay after Rician Channel
SignalTx2 = [SignalTx2; zeros(ChanDelay, 1)];
%SignalTx2_with_pfo = pfo(SignalTx2);
%%
% Rician Channel
SignalChan1 = RicianFadingChannel(SignalTx2);
% Removing first ChanDelay samples and
% selection of Channel’s Signal related to Transmitted Signal
SignalChan1 = SignalChan1(ChanDelay + 1 : end);

%% introducing the delay in frequency and symbol time due to doppler

txDoppler = doppler1(SignalChan1);
txDelay = varDelay(txDoppler, fr/numFrames);
SignalChan3=txDelay;

%%
% AWGN Channel
AWGNChannel.SignalPower = SignalTxPower;
SignalChan2 = AWGNChannel(SignalChan3);

% >>> Receiver >>>

% OFDM Demodulation
[SignalRx1, PilotSignalRx] = OFDMDemodulator(SignalChan2);

% LS Channel Estimation
% Obtaining discrete points of Channel Frequency Response
% based on dividing the Received Pilot Signals by the known ones
ChanFR_dp = PilotSignalRx ./ PilotSignalTx;
% Interpolation of Channel Frequency Response

% ChanFR_int = zeros(numSC, 1); % Preallocate the result array

ChanFR_int = fixed.interp1( …
PilotSC, …
ChanFR_dp, …
GuardBandSC(1) + 1 : numSC – GuardBandSC(2), …
‘linear’ …
);
% Selection of Data Subcarriers components of Frequency Response
% by cutting out components of Pilot and DC Subcarriers
% Remove components of Pilot and DC Subcarriers
ChanFR_int([PilotSC; DCNullSC] – GuardBandSC(1)) = [];

% LS Solution

SignalRx2 = SignalRx1./ ChanFR_int.’;

% 2. Denormalize the signal
SignalRx2 = SignalRx2* norms(k);

QAMDemodulator = comm.GeneralQAMDemodulator(‘Constellation’,…
qammod(0:M-1, M, ‘gray’));

% Demodulate the received signal
BitsRx = QAMDemodulator(SignalRx2);

%BitsRx = qamdemod(SignalRx2*sqrt(10),M,"gray");

% BER Calculation
BERn = BERCalculater(BitsTx, BitsRx);

end

% BER Results
BER(:,n) = BERn;

end

clear n fr BERn

disp(BitsRx);

end

I am trying to convert this code to hdl, but am facing this error in the fixed point conversion part
Expected input 1 to have fixed dimensions for System object comm.OFDMModulator.
refering to this line

SignalTx2 = OFDMModulator(SignalTx1, PilotSignalTx);

Can someone help with this ?This is my ofdm code , which simulates ofdm reciever and transmitter , over a rayleigh channel , using 16Qam modulation, with doppler.

function [BitsRx] = OfdmDopplerBer(~)

Rs = 54.64e5;
% Symbol Duration, [s]
Ts = 1/Rs;

% Carrier Frequency, [Hz]
f = 1.5e9;

% Modulation Order of QPSK by definition
M = 16;

% Number of Bits in QPSK Symbol
k = log2(M);
% QPSK Signal Bandwidth, [Hz]
F = 1/Ts;

% Number of Subcarriers (equal to Number of FFT points)
numSC = 1024;

%NumSymbols=3;

% Guard Bands Subcarriers
GuardBandSC = [10; 10];

% Central Null Subcarrier
DCNull = true;
DCNullSC = numSC/2 + 1;

% Number of Pilot Subcarriers
numPilotSC = 10;

PilotSC =[15 125 236 346 456 567 677 787 898 1008]’;

% Length of Cyclic Prefix
lenCP = numSC/4;

% Mapping of Subcarriers in Time-Frequency Space
%showResourceMapping(OFDMModulator)

% Number of Data Subcarriers
numDataSC = info(OFDMModulator).DataInputSize(1);
% Size of Data Frame
szDataFrame = [numDataSC 1];

% Size of Pilot Frame
szPilotFrame = info(OFDMModulator).PilotInputSize;

% OFDM Symbol Duration with Cyclic Prefix, [s]
Ts_OFDM = (numSC + lenCP)*Ts;

% OFDM Symbol Rate with Cyclic Prefix, [1/s]
Rs_OFDM = 1/Ts_OFDM;
% Decreasing of Symbol Rate by using OFDM
Rs/Rs_OFDM;

% Subcarrier Bandwidth, [Hz]
F_SC = F/numSC;

clear ans

% Discrete Paths Relative Delays, [s]
PathDelays = [0 3 5 6 11]*Ts ;
% Discrete Paths Max Delay, [s]
Tm = max(PathDelays);
% Channel Coherence Bandwidth [2, p. 960; 3, p. 399], [Hz]
Fc = 1/Tm;

% Discrete Paths Average Gains, [dB]
PathAvGains = [0 -8 -17 -21 -25];

% Discrete Paths K Factors
K = [0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1];

% Approximate Speed of Ionospheric Irregularities, [m/s]
v=170.14;
% Light Speed, [m/s]
c = 3e8;
% Max Doppler Frequency Shift for all Discrete Paths, [Hz]
fD = v*f/c;

% Channel Coherence Time [3, p. 400], [s]
Tc = 1/fD;

spsSync = 1;

norms = [1 sqrt(2) 0 sqrt(10) 0 sqrt(42)];

doppler1 = comm.PhaseFrequencyOffset( …
FrequencyOffset=fD, …
PhaseOffset=0, …
SampleRate=Rs);

varDelay = dsp.VariableFractionalDelay;

% Delay in Channel Object, [sample]
ChanDelay = info(RicianFadingChannel).ChannelFilterDelay;

%% AWGN Channel Object
AWGNChannel = comm.AWGNChannel( …
‘NoiseMethod’, ‘Signal to noise ratio (SNR)’, …
‘SNR’, 0 …
);

% table(F, F_SC, Fc, fD, ‘VariableNames’, {‘F, [Hz]’, ‘F_SC, [Hz]’, ‘Fc, [Hz]’, ‘fD, [Hz]’})

% table(Ts, Ts_OFDM, Tm, Tc, ‘VariableNames’, {‘Ts, [s]’, ‘Ts_OFDM, [s]’, ‘Tm, [s]’, ‘Tc, [s]’})

% Range of Eb/N0
EbNo = 0:60;
% Number of Transmitted Frames
numFrames = 500;

% BER Calculators Object
BERCalculater = comm.ErrorRate;
% BER Variable for Imitation Modeling Result
BER = zeros(3,length(EbNo));

% Loop for the Range of Eb/N0
for n = 1:length(EbNo)

% Setting the Eb/No in AWGN Channel Object
AWGNChannel.SNR = EbNo(n) + 10*log10(k) + 10*log10(numDataSC/numSC);

% BER Calculation
reset(BERCalculater);
BERn = zeros(3,1);

% Loop for the Number of Transmitted Frames
for fr = 1:numFrames

% >>> Transmitter >>>

% Generation of Data Bits
BitsTx = randi([0 M-1], [szDataFrame,1]);

constellation = qammod(0:M-1, M, ‘gray’);

% Normalize the constellation
constellation = constellation / norms(k);

% Apply phase offset
% constellation = constellation * exp(1i * phaseOffset);

% Define General QAM Modulator with custom constellation
QAMModulator = comm.GeneralQAMModulator(‘Constellation’, constellation);

SignalTx1 = zeros(szDataFrame);
% Modulate the data symbols
SignalTx1 = QAMModulator(BitsTx);

% Generation of Pilot Signals
PilotSignalTx = complex(ones(szPilotFrame), zeros(szPilotFrame));
% OFDM Modulation

SignalTx2 = OFDMModulator(SignalTx1, PilotSignalTx);

% Power of Transmitted Signal
% Compute the power of the transmitted signal
SignalTxPower = sum(abs(SignalTx2).^2) / length(SignalTx2);

%% introducing the delay in frequency and symbol time due to doppler

txDoppler = doppler1(SignalChan1);
txDelay = varDelay(txDoppler, fr/numFrames);
SignalChan3=txDelay;

%%
% AWGN Channel
AWGNChannel.SignalPower = SignalTxPower;
SignalChan2 = AWGNChannel(SignalChan3);

% >>> Receiver >>>

% OFDM Demodulation
[SignalRx1, PilotSignalRx] = OFDMDemodulator(SignalChan2);

% ChanFR_int = zeros(numSC, 1); % Preallocate the result array

% LS Solution

SignalRx2 = SignalRx1./ ChanFR_int.’;

% 2. Denormalize the signal
SignalRx2 = SignalRx2* norms(k);

QAMDemodulator = comm.GeneralQAMDemodulator(‘Constellation’,…
qammod(0:M-1, M, ‘gray’));

% Demodulate the received signal
BitsRx = QAMDemodulator(SignalRx2);

%BitsRx = qamdemod(SignalRx2*sqrt(10),M,"gray");

% BER Calculation
BERn = BERCalculater(BitsTx, BitsRx);

end

% BER Results
BER(:,n) = BERn;

end

clear n fr BERn

disp(BitsRx);

end

SignalTx2 = OFDMModulator(SignalTx1, PilotSignalTx);

Can someone help with this ? This is my ofdm code , which simulates ofdm reciever and transmitter , over a rayleigh channel , using 16Qam modulation, with doppler.

function [BitsRx] = OfdmDopplerBer(~)

Rs = 54.64e5;
% Symbol Duration, [s]
Ts = 1/Rs;

% Carrier Frequency, [Hz]
f = 1.5e9;

% Modulation Order of QPSK by definition
M = 16;

% Number of Bits in QPSK Symbol
k = log2(M);
% QPSK Signal Bandwidth, [Hz]
F = 1/Ts;

% Number of Subcarriers (equal to Number of FFT points)
numSC = 1024;

%NumSymbols=3;

% Guard Bands Subcarriers
GuardBandSC = [10; 10];

% Central Null Subcarrier
DCNull = true;
DCNullSC = numSC/2 + 1;

% Number of Pilot Subcarriers
numPilotSC = 10;

PilotSC =[15 125 236 346 456 567 677 787 898 1008]’;

% Length of Cyclic Prefix
lenCP = numSC/4;

% Mapping of Subcarriers in Time-Frequency Space
%showResourceMapping(OFDMModulator)

% Number of Data Subcarriers
numDataSC = info(OFDMModulator).DataInputSize(1);
% Size of Data Frame
szDataFrame = [numDataSC 1];

% Size of Pilot Frame
szPilotFrame = info(OFDMModulator).PilotInputSize;

% OFDM Symbol Duration with Cyclic Prefix, [s]
Ts_OFDM = (numSC + lenCP)*Ts;

% OFDM Symbol Rate with Cyclic Prefix, [1/s]
Rs_OFDM = 1/Ts_OFDM;
% Decreasing of Symbol Rate by using OFDM
Rs/Rs_OFDM;

% Subcarrier Bandwidth, [Hz]
F_SC = F/numSC;

clear ans

% Discrete Paths Relative Delays, [s]
PathDelays = [0 3 5 6 11]*Ts ;
% Discrete Paths Max Delay, [s]
Tm = max(PathDelays);
% Channel Coherence Bandwidth [2, p. 960; 3, p. 399], [Hz]
Fc = 1/Tm;

% Discrete Paths Average Gains, [dB]
PathAvGains = [0 -8 -17 -21 -25];

% Discrete Paths K Factors
K = [0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1];

% Approximate Speed of Ionospheric Irregularities, [m/s]
v=170.14;
% Light Speed, [m/s]
c = 3e8;
% Max Doppler Frequency Shift for all Discrete Paths, [Hz]
fD = v*f/c;

% Channel Coherence Time [3, p. 400], [s]
Tc = 1/fD;

spsSync = 1;

norms = [1 sqrt(2) 0 sqrt(10) 0 sqrt(42)];

doppler1 = comm.PhaseFrequencyOffset( …
FrequencyOffset=fD, …
PhaseOffset=0, …
SampleRate=Rs);

varDelay = dsp.VariableFractionalDelay;

% Delay in Channel Object, [sample]
ChanDelay = info(RicianFadingChannel).ChannelFilterDelay;

%% AWGN Channel Object
AWGNChannel = comm.AWGNChannel( …
‘NoiseMethod’, ‘Signal to noise ratio (SNR)’, …
‘SNR’, 0 …
);

% table(F, F_SC, Fc, fD, ‘VariableNames’, {‘F, [Hz]’, ‘F_SC, [Hz]’, ‘Fc, [Hz]’, ‘fD, [Hz]’})

% table(Ts, Ts_OFDM, Tm, Tc, ‘VariableNames’, {‘Ts, [s]’, ‘Ts_OFDM, [s]’, ‘Tm, [s]’, ‘Tc, [s]’})

% Range of Eb/N0
EbNo = 0:60;
% Number of Transmitted Frames
numFrames = 500;

% BER Calculators Object
BERCalculater = comm.ErrorRate;
% BER Variable for Imitation Modeling Result
BER = zeros(3,length(EbNo));

% Loop for the Range of Eb/N0
for n = 1:length(EbNo)

% Setting the Eb/No in AWGN Channel Object
AWGNChannel.SNR = EbNo(n) + 10*log10(k) + 10*log10(numDataSC/numSC);

% BER Calculation
reset(BERCalculater);
BERn = zeros(3,1);

% Loop for the Number of Transmitted Frames
for fr = 1:numFrames

% >>> Transmitter >>>

% Generation of Data Bits
BitsTx = randi([0 M-1], [szDataFrame,1]);

constellation = qammod(0:M-1, M, ‘gray’);

% Normalize the constellation
constellation = constellation / norms(k);

% Apply phase offset
% constellation = constellation * exp(1i * phaseOffset);

% Define General QAM Modulator with custom constellation
QAMModulator = comm.GeneralQAMModulator(‘Constellation’, constellation);

SignalTx1 = zeros(szDataFrame);
% Modulate the data symbols
SignalTx1 = QAMModulator(BitsTx);

% Generation of Pilot Signals
PilotSignalTx = complex(ones(szPilotFrame), zeros(szPilotFrame));
% OFDM Modulation

SignalTx2 = OFDMModulator(SignalTx1, PilotSignalTx);

% Power of Transmitted Signal
% Compute the power of the transmitted signal
SignalTxPower = sum(abs(SignalTx2).^2) / length(SignalTx2);

%% introducing the delay in frequency and symbol time due to doppler

txDoppler = doppler1(SignalChan1);
txDelay = varDelay(txDoppler, fr/numFrames);
SignalChan3=txDelay;

%%
% AWGN Channel
AWGNChannel.SignalPower = SignalTxPower;
SignalChan2 = AWGNChannel(SignalChan3);

% >>> Receiver >>>

% OFDM Demodulation
[SignalRx1, PilotSignalRx] = OFDMDemodulator(SignalChan2);

% ChanFR_int = zeros(numSC, 1); % Preallocate the result array

% LS Solution

SignalRx2 = SignalRx1./ ChanFR_int.’;

% 2. Denormalize the signal
SignalRx2 = SignalRx2* norms(k);

QAMDemodulator = comm.GeneralQAMDemodulator(‘Constellation’,…
qammod(0:M-1, M, ‘gray’));

% Demodulate the received signal
BitsRx = QAMDemodulator(SignalRx2);

%BitsRx = qamdemod(SignalRx2*sqrt(10),M,"gray");

% BER Calculation
BERn = BERCalculater(BitsTx, BitsRx);

end

% BER Results
BER(:,n) = BERn;

end

clear n fr BERn

disp(BitsRx);

end

SignalTx2 = OFDMModulator(SignalTx1, PilotSignalTx);

Can someone help with this ? ofdm, doppler, rayleigh channel MATLAB Answers — New Questions

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